还没有走出“功夫熊猫”的震撼，又一个机器人要来了。摘自这里。
Pixar动画公司的精心之作《WALL·E》于本周五（6月27日）在美国首映，结果当日票房丰收2330万美元，这也预示该片本周的票房甚至可能冲上7000万美元。
目前IMDB上该片1700多票的平均评分是惊人的9.3分。评论界也好评如潮，《纽约时报》认为这部片子“达到了一个新境界（breaks new ground），”《洛杉矶时报》认为该片“即有突破，又很熟悉，一些浪漫，一些科幻，Pixar这部新作真是充满了惊叹号。”《好莱坞报道者》认为该片超越了Pixar的前八部作品，有“爱心、灵魂、精神和浪漫（heart, soul, spirit and romance），”《娱乐周刊》认为“这部片子将你带到了另一个世界，但每一处点滴都触动你的心
这是一个很漂亮的国家，人口400万，地方不小，加上政府非常注重环保，因此整个国家很安静和干净。去了两次，还是感觉不错。和澳大利亚的黄金海岸类似，适合渡假和养老。人实在太少，东西也相对比较贵。
以下命令收集自这个页面。
| arch | show architecture of machine |
| uname -r | show used kernel version |
| dmidecode -q | show hardware system components - (SMBIOS / DMI) |
| hdaparm -i /dev/hda | displays the characteristics of a hard-disk |
| hdparm -tT /dev/sda | perform test reading on a hard-disk |
| cat /proc/cpuinfo | show information CPU info |
| cat /proc/interrupts | show interrupts |
| cat /proc/meminfo | verify memory use |
| cat /proc/swaps | show file(s) swap |
| cat /proc/version | show version of the kernel |
| cat /proc/net/dev | show network adpters and statistics |
| cat /proc/mounts | show mounted file system(s) |
| lspci -tv | display PCI devices |
| lsusb -tv | show USB devices |
| date | show system date |
| cal 2007 | show the timetable of 2007 |
| date 041217002007.00 | set date and time - MonthDayhoursMinutesYear.Secondi |
| clock -w |
save changes on BIOS |
| shutdown -h now | shutdown system |
| init 0 | |
| shutdown -r hours:minutes & | planned shutdown of the system |
| shutdown -c | cancel a planned shutdown of the system |
| shutdown -r now | reboot |
| reboot | |
| logout | leaving session |
| cd /home | enter to directory ‘/ home’ |
| cd .. | go back one level |
| cd ../.. | go back two levels |
| cd | go to home directory |
| cd ~utente | go to home directory |
| cd - | go to previous directory |
| pwd | show the path of work directory |
| ls | view files of directory |
| ls -F | view files of directory |
| ls -l | show details of files and directory |
| ls -a | show hidden files |
| ls *[0-9]* | show files and directory containing numbers |
| lstree | show files and directories in a tree starting from root |
| mkdir dir1 | create a directory called ‘dir1′ |
| mkdir dir1 dir2 | create two directories simultaneously |
| mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2 | create a directory tree |
| rm -f file1 | delete file called ‘file1′ |
| rmdir dir1 | delete directory called ‘dir1′ |
| rm -rf dir1 | remove a directory called ‘dir1′ and contents recursively |
| rm -rf dir1 dir2 | remove two directories and their contents recursively |
| mv dir1 new_dir | rename / move a file or directory |
| cp file1 file2 | copying a file |
| cp dir/* . | copy all files of a directory within the current work directory |
| cp -a /tmp/dir1 . | copy a directory within the current work directory |
| cp -a dir1 dir2 | copy a directory |
| ln -s file1 lnk1 | create a symbolic link to file or directory |
| ln file1 lnk1 | create a physical link to file or directory |
| touch -t 0712250000 fileditest | modify timestamp of a file or directory - (YYMMDDhhmm) |
| find / -name file1 | search file and directory into root filesystem from ‘/’ |
| find / -user user1 | search files and directories belonging to ‘user1′ |
| find /home/user1 -name *.bin | search files with ‘. bin’ extension within directory ‘/ home/user1′ |
| find /usr/bin -type f -atime +100 | search bynary files are not used in the last 100 days |
| find /usr/bin -type f -mtime -10 | search files created or changed within 10 days |
| find / -name *.rpm -exec chmod 755 {} ; | search files with ‘.rpm’ extension and modify permits |
| find / -name *.rpm -xdev | search files with ‘.rpm’ extension ignoring removable partitions as cdrom, pen-drive, etc.… |
| locate *.ps | find files with the ‘.ps’ extension - first run ‘updatedb’ command |
| whereis halt | show location of a binary file, source or man |
| which halt | show full path to a binary / executable |
| mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/hda2 | mount disk called hda2 - verify existence of the directory ‘/ mnt/hda2′ |
| umount /dev/hda2 | unmount disk called hda2 - exit from mount point ‘/ mnt/hda2′ first |
| fuser -km /mnt/hda2 | force umount when the device is busy |
| umount -n /mnt/hda2 | run umount without writing the file /etc/mtab - useful when the file is read-only or the hard disk is full |
| mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy | mount a floppy disk |
| mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom | mount a cdrom / dvdrom |
| mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrecorder | mount a cdrw / dvdrom |
| mount /dev/hdb /mnt/cdrecorder | mount a cdrw / dvdrom |
| mount -o loop file.iso /mnt/cdrom | mount a file or iso image |
| mount -t vfat /dev/hda5 /mnt/hda5 | mount a Windows FAT32 file system |
| mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usbdisk | mount a usb pen-drive or flash-drive |
| mount -t smbfs -o username=user,password=pass //winclient/share /mnt/share | mount a windows network share |
| df -h | show list of partitions mounted |
| ls -lSr |more | show size of the files and directories ordered by size |
| du -sh dir1 | estimate space used by directory ‘dir1′ |
| du -sh * | sort -rn | show size of the files and directories sorted by size |
| rpm -q -a –qf ‘%10{SIZE}\t%{NAME}\n’ | sort -k1,1n | show space used by rpm packages installed sorted by size (fedora, redhat and like) |
| dpkg-query -W -f=’${Installed-Size;10}\t${Package}\n’ | sort -k1,1n | show space used by deb packages installed sorted by size (ubuntu, debian and like) |
| groupadd group_name | create a new group |
| groupdel group_name | delete a group |
| groupmod -n new_group_name old_group_name | rename a group |
| useradd -c “Nome Cognome” -g admin -d /home/user1 -s /bin/bash user1 | create a new user belongs “admin” group |
| useradd user1 | create a new user |
| userdel -r user1 | delete a user ( ‘-r’ eliminates home directory) |
| usermod -c “User FTP” -g system -d /ftp/user1 -s /bin/nologin user1 | change user attributes |
| passwd | change password |
| passwd user1 | change a user password (only by root) |
| chage -E 2005-12-31 user1 | set deadline for user password |
| pwck | check correct syntax and file format of ‘/etc/passwd’ and users existence |
| grpck | check correct syntax and file format of ‘/etc/group’ and groups existence |
| newgrp group_name | log in to a new group to change default group of newly created files |
| ls -lh | show permits |
| ls /tmp | pr -T5 -W$COLUMNS | divide terminal into 5 columns |
| chmod ugo+rwx directory1 | set permissions reading (r), write (w) and (x) access to users owner (u) group (g) and others (o) |
| chmod go-rwx directory1 | remove permits reading (r), write (w) and (x) access to users group (g) and others (or |
| chown user1 file1 | change owner of a file |
| chown user1 -R directory1 | change user owner of a directory and all the files and directories contained inside |
| chgrp gruppo1 file1 | change group of files |
| chown user1:gruppo1 file1 | change user and group ownership of a file |
| find / -perm -u+s | view all files on the system with SUID configured |
| chmod u+s /bin/file_eseguibile | set SUID bit on a binary file - the user that running that file gets same privileges as owner |
| chmod u-s /bin/file_binario | disable SUID bit on a binary file |
| chmod g+s /home/public | set SGID bit on a directory - similar to SUID but for directory |
| chmod g-s /home/public | disable SGID bit on a directory |
| chmod o+t /home/comune | set STIKY bit on a directory - allows files deletion only to legitimate owners |
| chmod o-t /home/comune | disable STIKY bit on a directory |
| chattr +a file1 | allows write opening of a file only append mode |
| chattr +c file1 | allows that a file is compressed / decompressed automatically by the kernel |
| chattr +d file1 | makes sure that the program ignores Dump the files during backup |
| chattr +i file1 | makes it an immutable file, which can not be removed, altered, renamed or linked |
| chattr +s file1 | allows a file to be deleted safely |
| chattr +S file1 | makes sure that if a file is modified changes are written in synchronous mode as with sync |
| chattr +u file1 | allows you to recover the contents of a file even if it is canceled |
| lsattr | show specials attributes |
| bunzip2 file1.bz2 | decompress a file called ‘file1.bz2′ |
| bzip2 file1 | compress a file called ‘file1′ |
| gunzip file1.gz | decompress a file called ‘file1.gz’ |
| gzip file1 | compress a file called ‘file1′ |
| gzip -9 file1 | compress with maximum compression |
| rar a file1.rar test_file | create an archive rar called ‘file1.rar’ |
| rar a file1.rar file1 file2 dir1 | compress ‘file1′, ‘file2′ and ‘dir1′ simultaneously |
| rar x file1.rar | decompress rar archive |
| unrar x file1.rar | decompress rar archive |
| tar -cvf archive.tar file1 | create a uncompressed tarball |
| tar -cvf archive.tar file1 file2 dir1 | create an archive containing ‘file1′, ‘file2′ and ‘dir1′ |
| tar -tf archive.tar | show contents of an archive |
| tar -xvf archive.tar | extract a tarball |
| tar -xvf archive.tar -C /tmp | extract a tarball into / tmp |
| tar -cvfj archive.tar.bz2 dir1 | create a tarball compressed into bzip2 |
| tar -xvfj archive.tar.bz2 | decompress a compressed tar archive in bzip2 |
| tar -cvfz archive.tar.gz dir1 | create a tarball compressed into gzip |
| tar -xvfz archive.tar.gz | decompress a compressed tar archive in gzip |
| zip file1.zip file1 | create an archive compressed in zip |
| zip -r file1.zip file1 file2 dir1 | compress in zip several files and directories simultaneously |
| unzip file1.zip | decompress a zip archive |
| rpm -ivh package.rpm | install a rpm package |
| rpm -ivh –nodeeps package.rpm | install a rpm package ignoring dependencies requests |
| rpm -U package.rpm | upgrade a rpm package without changing configuration files |
| rpm -F package.rpm | upgrade a rpm package only if it is already installed |
| rpm -e package_name.rpm | remove a rpm package |
| rpm -qa | show all rpm packages installed on the system |
| rpm -qa | grep httpd | show all rpm packages with the name “httpd” |
| rpm -qi package_name | obtain information on a specific package installed |
| rpm -qg “System Environment/Daemons” | show rpm packages of a group software |
| rpm -ql package_name | show list of files provided by a rpm package installed |
| rpm -qc package_name | show list of configuration files provided by a rpm package installed |
| rpm -q package_name –whatrequires | show list of dependencies required for a rpm packet |
| rpm -q package_name –whatprovides | show capability provided by a rpm package |
| rpm -q package_name –scripts | show scripts started during installation / removal |
| rpm -q package_name –changelog | show history of revisions of a rpm package |
| rpm -qf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | verify which rpm package belongs to a given file |
| rpm -qp package.rpm -l | show list of files provided by a rpm package not yet installed |
| rpm –import /media/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY | import public-key digital signature |
| rpm –checksig package.rpm | verify the integrity of a rpm package |
| rpm -qa gpg-pubkey | verify integrity of all rpm packages installed |
| rpm -V package_name | check file size, permissions, type, owner, group, MD5 checksum and last modification |
| rpm -Va | check all rpm packages installed on the system - use with caution |
| rpm -Vp package.rpm | verify a rpm package not yet installed |
| rpm2cpio package.rpm | cpio –extract –make-directories *bin* | extract executable file from a rpm package |
| rpm -ivh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/`arch`/package.rpm | install a package built from a rpm source |
| rpmbuild –rebuild package_name.src.rpm | build a rpm package from a rpm source |
| yum install package_name | download and install a rpm package |
| yum update | update all rpm packages installed on the system |
| yum update package_name | upgrade a rpm package |
| yum remove package_name | remove a rpm package |
| yum list | list all packages installed on the system |
| yum search package_name | find a package on rpm repository |
| yum clean packages | clean up rpm cache erasing downloaded packages |
| yum clean headers | remove all files headers that the system uses to resolve dependency |
| yum clean all | remove from the cache packages and headers files |
| dpkg -i package.deb | install / upgrade a deb package |
| dpkg -r package_name | remove a deb package from the system |
| dpkg -l | show all deb packages installed on the system |
| dpkg -l | grep httpd | show all rpm packages with the name “httpd” |
| dpkg -s package_name | obtain information on a specific package installed on system |
| dpkg -L package_name | show list of files provided by a package installed on system |
| dpkg –contents package.deb | show list of files provided by a package not yet installed |
| dpkg -S /bin/ping | verify which package belongs to a given file |
| apt-get install package_name | install / upgrade a deb package |
| apt-cdrom install package_name | install / upgrade a deb package from cdrom |
| apt-get update | update all deb packages installed on system |
| apt-get remove package_name | remove a deb package from system |
| apt-get check | verify correct resolution of dependencies |
| apt-get clean | clean up cache from packages downloaded |
| cat file1 | view the contents of a file starting from the first row |
| tac file1 | view the contents of a file starting from the last line |
| more file1 | view content of a file along |
| less file1 | similar to ‘more’ command but which allows backward movement in the file as well as forward movement |
| head -2 file1 | view first two lines of a file |
| tail -2 file1 | view last two lines of a file |
| tail -f /var/log/messages | view in real time what is added to a file |
| cat file_test | [operation: sed, grep, awk, grep, etc] > result.txt | syntax to elaborate the text of a file, and write result to a new file |
| cat file_originale | [operazione: sed, grep, awk, grep, etc] >> result.txt | syntax to elaborate the text of a file and append result in existing file |
| grep Aug /var/log/messages | look up words “Aug” on file ‘/var/log/messages’ |
| grep ^Aug /var/log/messages | look up words that begin with “Aug” on file ‘/var/log/messages’ |
| grep [0-9] /var/log/messages | select from file ‘/var/log/messages’ all lines that contain numbers |
| grep Aug -R /var/log/* | search string “Aug” at directory ‘/var/log’ and below |
| grep Aug /var/log/messages | write result of a search within a file |
| sed ’s/stringa1/stringa2/g’ example.txt | replace “string1″ with “string2″ in example.txt |
| sed ‘/^$/d’ example.txt | remove all blank lines from example.txt |
| sed ‘/ *#/d; /^ *$/d’ example.txt | remove comments and blank lines from example.txt |
| echo ‘esempio’ | tr ‘[:lower:]‘ ‘[:upper:]‘ | convert from lower case in upper case |
| sed -e ‘1d’ result.txt | eliminates the first line from file example.txt |
| sed -n ‘/stringa1/p’ | view only lines that contain the word “string1″ |
| sed -e ’s/ *$//’ example.txt | remove empty characters at the end of each row |
| sed -e ’s/stringa1//g’ example.txt | remove only the word “string1″ from text and leave intact all |
| sed -n ‘1,5p;5q’ example.txt | view from 1th to 5th row |
| sed -n ‘5p;5q’ example.txt | view row number 5 |
| sed -e ’s/00*/0/g’ example.txt | replace more zeros with a single zero |
| cat -n file1 | number row of a file |
| cat example.txt | awk ‘NR%2==1′ | remove all even lines from example.txt |
| echo a b c | awk ‘{print $1}’ | view the first column of a line |
| echo a b c | awk ‘{print $1,$3}’ | view the first and third column of a line |
| paste file1 file2 | merging contents of two files for columns |
| paste -d ‘+’ file1 file2 | merging contents of two files for columns with ‘+’ delimiter on the center |
| sort file1 file2 | sort contents of two files |
| sort file1 file2 | uniq | sort contents of two files omitting lines repeated |
| sort file1 file2 | uniq -u | sort contents of two files by viewing only unique line |
| sort file1 file2 | uniq -d | sort contents of two files by viewing only duplicate line |
| comm -1 file1 file2 | compare contents of two files by deleting only unique lines from ‘file1′ |
| comm -2 file1 file2 | compare contents of two files by deleting only unique lines from ‘file2′ |
| comm -3 file1 file2 | compare contents of two files by deleting only the lines that appear on both files |
| dos2unix filedos.txt fileunix.txt | convert a text file format from MSDOS to UNIX |
| unix2dos fileunix.txt filedos.txt | convert a text file format from UNIX to MSDOS |
| recode ..HTML < page.txt > page.html | convert a text file to html |
| recode -l | more | show all available formats conversion |
| badblocks -v /dev/hda1 | check bad blocks in disk hda1 |
| fsck /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of linux filesystem on disk hda1 |
| fsck.ext2 /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of ext2 filesystem on disk hda1 |
| e2fsck /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of ext2 filesystem on disk hda1 |
| e2fsck -j /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of ext3 filesystem on disk hda1 |
| fsck.ext3 /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of ext3 filesystem on disk hda1 |
| fsck.vfat /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of fat filesystem on disk hda1 |
| fsck.msdos /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of dos filesystem on disk hda1 |
| dosfsck /dev/hda1 | repair / check integrity of dos filesystems on disk hda1 |
| mkfs /dev/hda1 | create a filesystem type linux on hda1 partition |
| mke2fs /dev/hda1 | create a filesystem type linux ext2 on hda1 partition |
| mke2fs -j /dev/hda1 | create a filesystem type linux ext3 (journal) on hda1 partition |
| mkfs -t vfat 32 -F /dev/hda1 | create a FAT32 filesystem |
| fdformat -n /dev/fd0 | format a floppy disk |
| mkswap /dev/hda3 | create a swap filesystem |
| mkswap /dev/hda3 | create a swap filesystem |
| swapon /dev/hda3 | activating a new swap partition |
| swapon /dev/hda2 /dev/hdb3 | activate two swap partitions |
| dump -0aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home | make a full backup of directory ‘/home’ |
| dump -1aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home | make a incremental backup of directory ‘/home’ |
| restore -if /tmp/home0.bak | restoring a backup interactively |
| rsync -rogpav –delete /home /tmp | synchronization between directories |
| rsync -rogpav -e ssh –delete /home ip_address:/tmp | rsync via SSH tunnel |
| rsync -az -e ssh –delete ip_addr:/home/public /home/local | synchronize a local directory with a remote directory via ssh and compression |
| rsync -az -e ssh –delete /home/local ip_addr:/home/public | synchronize a remote directory with a local directory via ssh and compression |
| dd bs=1M if=/dev/hda | gzip | ssh user@ip_addr ‘dd of=hda.gz’ | make a backup of a local hard disk on remote host via ssh |
| tar -Puf backup.tar /home/user | make a incremental backup of directory ‘/home/user’ |
| ( cd /tmp/local/ && tar c . ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr ‘cd /home/share/ && tar x -p’ | copy content of a directory on remote directory via ssh |
| ( tar c /home ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr ‘cd /home/backup-home && tar x -p’ | copy a local directory on remote directory via ssh |
| tar cf - . | (cd /tmp/backup ; tar xf - ) | local copy preserving permits and links from a directory to another |
| find /home/user1 -name ‘*.txt’ | xargs cp -av –target-directory=/home/backup/ –parents | find and copy all files with ‘.txt’ extention from a directory to another |
| find /var/log -name ‘*.log’ | tar cv –files-from=- | bzip2 > log.tar.bz2 | find all files with ‘.log’ extention and make an bzip archive |
| dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1 | make a copy of MBR (Master Boot Record) to floppy |
| dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 | restore MBR from backup copy saved to floppy |
|
cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/cdrom -eject blank=fast -force |
clean a rewritable cdrom |
| mkisofs /dev/cdrom > cd.iso | create an iso image of cdrom on disk |
| mkisofs /dev/cdrom | gzip > cd_iso.gz | create a compressed iso image of cdrom on disk |
| mkisofs -J -allow-leading-dots -R -V “Label CD” -iso-level 4 -o ./cd.iso data_cd | create an iso image of a directory |
| cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom cd.iso | burn an ISO image |
| gzip -dc cd_iso.gz | cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom - | burn a compressed ISO image |
| mount -o loop cd.iso /mnt/iso | mount an ISO image |
| cd-paranoia -B | rip audio tracks from a CD to wav files |
| cd-paranoia — “-3″ | rip first three audio tracks from a CD to wav files |
| cdrecord –scanbus | scan bus to identify the channel scsi |
| ifconfig eth0 | show configuration of an ethernet network card |
| ifup eth0 | activate an interface ‘eth0′ |
| ifdown eth0 | disable an interface ‘eth0′ |
| ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 | configure IP Address |
| ifconfig eth0 promisc | configure ‘eth0′ in promiscuous mode to gather packets (sniffing) |
| dhclient eth0 | active interface ‘eth0′ in dhcp mode |
| route -n | show routing table |
| route add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gateway | configura default gateway |
| route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 | configure static route to reach network ‘192.168.0.0/16′ |
| route del 0/0 gw IP_gateway | remove static route |
| echo “1″ > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward | activate ip routing |
| hostname | show hostname |
| host www.linuxguide.it | lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa |
| ip link show | show link status of all interfaces |
| mii-tool eth0 | show link status of ‘eth0′ |
| ethtool eth0 | show statistics of network card ‘eth0′ |
| netstat -tup | show all active network connections and their PID |
| netstat -tupl | show all network services listening on the system and their PID |
| tcpdump tcp port 80 | show all HTTP traffic |
| iwlist scan | show wireless networks |
| iwconfig eth1 | show configuration of a wireless network card |
| nbtscan ip_addr | netbios name resolution |
| nmblookup -A ip_addr | netbios name resolution |
| smbclient -L ip_addr/hostname | show remote shares of a windows host |
| smbget -Rr smb://ip_addr/share | like wget can download files from a host windows via smb |
| mount -t smbfs -o username=user,password=pass //winclient/share /mnt/share | mount a windows network share |
| iptables -t filter -L | show all chains of filtering table |
| iptables -t nat -L | show all chains of nat table |
| iptables -t filter -F | clear all rules from filtering table |
| iptables -t nat -F | clear all rules from table nat |
| iptables -t filter -X | delete any chains created by user |
| iptables -t filter -A INPUT -p tcp –dport telnet -j ACCEPT | allow telnet connections to input |
| iptables -t filter -A OUTPUT -p tcp –dport http -j DROP | block HTTP connections to output |
| iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -p tcp –dport pop3 -j ACCEPT | allow POP3 connections to forward chain |
| iptables -t filter -A INPUT -j LOG –log-prefix “DROP INPUT” | logging sulla chain di input Logging on chain input |
| iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE | configure a PAT (Port Address Traslation) on eth0 masking outbound packets |
| iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.0.1 -p tcp -m tcp –dport 22 -j DNAT –to-destination 10.0.0.2:22 | redirect packets addressed to a host to another host |
| top | display linux tasks using most cpu |
| ps -eafw | displays linux tasks |
| ps -e -o pid,args –forest | displays linux tasks in a hierarchical mode |
| pstree | mostra un albero dei processi sistema Shows a tree system processes |
| kill -9 ID_Processo | force closure of the process and finish it |
| kill -1 ID_Processo | force a process to reload configuration |
| lsof -p $$ | display a list of files opened by processes |
| lsof /home/user1 | displays a list of open files in a given path system |
| strace -c ls >/dev/null | display system calls made and received by a process |
| strace -f -e open ls >/dev/null | display library calls |
| watch -n1 ‘cat /proc/interrupts’ | display interrupts in real-time |
| last reboot | show history reboot |
| lsmod | display kernel loaded |
| free -m | displays status of RAM in megabytes |
| smartctl -A /dev/hda | monitoring reliability of a hard-disk through SMART |
| smartctl -i /dev/hda | check if SMART is active on a hard-disk |
| tail /var/log/dmesg | show events inherent to the process of booting kernel |
| tail /var/log/messages | show system events |
| mkbootdisk –device /dev/fd0 `uname -r` | create a boot floppy |
| gpg -c file1 | encrypt a file with GNU Privacy Guard |
| gpg file1.gpg | decrypt a file with GNU Privacy Guard |
| wget -r www.example.com | download an entire web site |
| wget -c www.example.com/file.iso | download a file with the ability to stop the download and resume later |
| echo ‘wget -c www.example.com/files.iso’ | at 09:00 | start a download at any given time |
| ldd ssh | show shared libraries required by ssh program |
| alias hh=’history’ | set an alias for a command - hh = history |
在电玩巴士中能找到《荣誉勋章：英雄2》PSP版的详尽攻略。但是WII版和PSP版多多少少存在一些差异。本攻略主要用图片的形式把游戏中的难点和要点予以说明，帮助在游戏中遇到困难的任饭。
游戏中的ARCADE模式等于带你把游戏中的路线整个走了一遍。完成ARCADE模式后就可以进入CAMPAIGN模式。如果在 CAMPAIGN模式遇到困难，可以重新玩一下ARCADE模式，这样通关肯定没问题的。然而CAMPAIGN模式的自由度较大，想要达成100%完美通 关，不死几个脑细胞恐怕是不行地。
另外，GOOD_FOX强烈推荐用原装枪来玩这个游戏，如果不用枪的话，游戏乐趣起码降低了40%。那些质量较差的D版枪由于开模不够精密，存 在这样那样的问题：比如扣扳机的时候准星会跳，导致命中率降低；再比如扣扳机太费力，玩的时间长了会造成手指肌肉劳损。而且在操作重机枪的时候，用枪可以 大大降低瞄准的难度。
游戏的操作很简单。
A: 瞄准/拔掉手雷的保险
B: 射击
B+挥右手: 丢出手雷
十字键左右: 切换武器
十字键上/挥右手: 换弹夹，给弹夹上满子弹
C: 站立/蹲下
左手摇杆：移动
第一关：BEACH（海滩）
登陆后你可以捡一把敌人的MP40来玩玩。这把枪火力猛，弹夹容量大，适合近战（关于武器的介绍和对比参看附录）。但是威力和射程比Thompson要小一点。好处是不担心没子弹可以尽情扫射，因为无论杀死敌人后留下的是子弹夹还是MP40，都可以为MP40加子弹。
任务。这个任务太简单了：用手雷把敌人送上天。阿门。
进门后别急着往里冲，搜索右边的房间
任务。没有难度的任务：拿到桌上的文件，大功告成。
在这个位置会有4个敌人出现。远程瞄准干掉他们，或者试试你扔手雷的准头，也可以冲上前去等他们一冒头就给他们一梭子。
台阶上的碉堡里，桌上有把LUGER。GOOD_FOX建议你捡起来开两枪试试，在今后的游戏中你再也没机会用到它了。
看见房间里蓝色的保险箱了么？
任务。对准保险箱的门开两枪，上前拿走里面的文件
玩够了LUGER，该换上MP40了。继续往前走，一群德军会突然从前方的铁门中冲出来，疯狂扫射干掉敌人。MP40这个时候就比 Thompson好用了。我用Thompson，不小心中了几枪，视线开始发红。中弹后你的视线会逐渐变红，然后你会听见自己扑通扑通的心跳声。 GOOD_FOX建议你此时赶紧背靠安全的角落蹲下，等待你的体力自动恢复。否则……
进门后过关。任务圆满完成，得到金质勋章。GOOD！
第二关：PORT（港口）
真正的任务开始了，让我们来点有难度的把。进门后首先干掉对面的敌人
然后扔个手雷干掉左边平台上的敌人。
还记得你在ARCADE里面的路线么？往里杀吧。
你的目标就在前面，炸掉潜艇。可能为了节约开发成本，你会发现在同一个场景里设置了各种障碍物，虽然目标近在咫尺……
你只能从右边杀过去。我冲得比较猛，所以还有两个队有没有牺牲，呵呵。
任务。来到了潜艇的船头。咦，谁这么体贴事先帮我放好了炸药？难道德军想坚壁清野？还是德军内部有我们的内应？不管他，把手柄向右转90度，给定时器上发条，随后将手柄猛地向上挑一下启动炸弹。完成了，赶紧撤。我可不想陪着德国潜艇一起喂鱼。
消灭了前来增援的德军，顺着走廊冲进去。经过激烈的战斗，冲向下一个目标：左边斜坡上面的碉堡。
捡起墙边的狙击枪（一直没搞懂这把枪到底是什么型号）。旁边的子弹箱是可以无限加子弹的。
任务。前推和后拉摇杆可以调节瞄准镜的焦距。干掉对面所有的敌人，完成任务。
出门后别急着冲。前面船上的3个德军可以用狙击枪干掉。
干掉对面房顶上的机枪手。
干掉第一个之后， 第二个会屁颠屁颠地跑上来。解决掉之后给狙击枪换一个新的弹夹，然后收起狙击换成MP40。赶紧去支援你的队友吧。
一番激战清理掉防守的德军。你的战友在房间里发现了一个电台。按C开始使用电台，用摇杆的左右找到呼喊你的频率，按住A接收信息，再按A退出。
任务。干掉门口的德军，赶紧冲出门。发现迎面有一个党卫军朝你冲过来，一定要立即干掉他。
任务。还记得房顶上的机枪么？从房间后面的楼梯上楼。
一小撮敌人鬼鬼祟祟的想来抄我们的后路，这怎么行？用机枪对着敌人扫射的感觉很爽，哎呀，怎么打不出子弹了？原来是连射的时间太长枪管温度过高 了。右下角的温度计到顶之后，要等待温度降下来才能继续开枪，所以还是悠着点吧。每杀掉一个敌人，右下角会出现德军的头像。杀够一定的数量，提示你任务完 成（怎么盟军也搞杀人比赛？）。如果你中了好几枪，赶紧扔掉机枪退到后面等待体力恢复。慑于你机枪的威力，敌人不敢冲上来的。
增援的敌人大多被消灭了，但是敌人非常狡猾。有的敌人躲在卡车后面，可以用机枪消灭掉。但是对于躲在集装箱后面的敌人，机枪就无能为力了。
任务。杀个回马枪，回去把集装箱附近的角角落落重新搜查一遍。消灭躲在集装箱后面的德军。否则等你通关后，会发现有一个任务没完成的。
在这一关保护你战友的好处很明显，他们会帮助你发现躲藏在角落里的敌人。当听见战友的射击声，你就知道顺着他们射击的方向一定能发现敌人。
从左侧岸边的缺口跳到栈桥上，来到了碉堡门口。先别急着进去，顺着碉堡的左边进去看看。
任务。消灭迎面而来的3个德军，进入小房间，发现保险箱。接下来你知道该怎么做的。
好了，可以进入碉堡了。小心躲在门后和桌子后面的敌人
来到顶楼。前面箭头处有德军留下的火箭筒。
任务。GOOD_FOX建议你向前站到弹药箱的位置，这样你火箭弹的弹夹始终保持有4枚弹药。轰掉红色箭头指示的储油罐。然后按照红色箭头指示，干掉德军保护我增援部队。如果你更喜欢一颗子弹消灭一个敌人的感觉，也可以用狙击枪。
左面碉堡上会有狙击手向你射击，轰掉他。
穿过被炸开的储油罐，来到潜艇库。干掉舰艇上的2批德军，从天桥跳到潜艇上。注意左边缺口会有4名德军冲进来。
右边的掩体后面也有2名德军向你开冷枪。狡猾的德军躲在掩体后面，以为我就拿他们没办法。哼哼，我的手雷可不是吃素的。
干掉了2艘潜艇，天桥上的6个狙击手以及数不清的德军，我和战友们根据雷达的指引来到一扇打开的铁门前。怎么背后传来枪声？先别忙着进门，到右边去看看情况。
任务。果然有埋伏，德军前仆后继的向我冲来，当然经过战场的考验这些德军已经不是我的对手。在最里面的房间埋伏着潜艇基地的首领，他还拿着一把STG.44。扔个雷，或者冲上去和他短兵相接。
功德圆满。进入铁门过关。
第三关：CITY（城市）
这一关比较简单，干掉敌人的几辆汽车和防空炮就可以过关了。但是最后一个任务会稍有难度。所以呢，一定要认真看攻略才行。
从左边的门进屋去
可以把你的小手枪换成霰弹枪。
我不太喜欢霰弹枪，威力不大而且子弹上膛速度太慢。唯一的优点是杀伤面积大，对付挤成一堆的敌人比较有效，但是游戏里的敌人还没有愚蠢到这个程 度（GOOD_FOX建议，如果敌人真的愚蠢到这个程度，给个手雷或者用MP40扫射就好了）。所以，如果能捡到敌人的MP40，还是把霰弹枪或者 Thompson换成MP40的好。
任务。看见左边巷子里的汽车了么？用霰弹枪或者手雷炸掉它。可惜一辆漂亮的轿车顷刻间变成废铁。
任务。在酒窖里发现保险箱。作为一个老兵，我当然不会冒冒失失的闯进去。先扔个手雷，把埋伏在柱子后面的敌人解决掉。然后打开保险箱拿到文件。
对面门口这些鬼鬼祟的家伙是谁？我怎么打不死他们？赏他们个手雷看看谁厉害……且慢，原来是自己人！
任务。一路杀到敌人的炮台。哈哈，可以用大炮了！当然，作为一个成熟的老兵，应该首先把周边的环境清理干净之后才坐上炮位，否则就成为敌人的活靶子了。先干掉对面的防空炮，然后赶紧按住C键离开炮位。顺着战友的火力方向去把德军消灭干净。然后回到炮位，轰掉第二个防空炮。
小股德军从防空炮旁边的房间里出来，躲在掩体后面向我开枪。甩个手雷消灭他们。随后战友们会冲到右边的门口望风。从这个门进屋上楼。
从楼上跳下来，走过一段小巷，出门后看见敌人的又一个炮台。用手雷干掉防守炮台的3个德军。稍等一会，会有4个德军冲过来。解决掉之后，从炮台的右边绕过去解决机枪。
任务。机枪右边的小巷里面还有一辆汽车。怎么，霰弹枪没子弹，手雷也用光了？你也太……
任务。找到电台，向总部报告
大功告成
第四关：SEWERS（下水道）
继续上一关的情节，从电台旁边的入口进入了下水道。沿途可以把Colt.45换成MP40。来到大厅，门口的两个弹药箱不要急着去吃。
大厅内的敌人很狡猾，躲在掩体后面向你射击。拚着损几口血，用M1步枪瞄准（按Z键）后射击
大厅上方的回廊中会有很多狙击手，同样用步枪瞄准消灭。子弹用光后可以捡门口的弹药箱。如果用光了两个弹药箱的80发子弹还消灭不掉这些狙击手，建议你认真考虑是否去配一副眼镜。
消灭掉足够数量的敌人，对面的门会打开，先不要急着过去（门当然不会自己打开，是被增援的德军打开的）。把增援的德军消灭掉再说
门右边的石头上面有好几个弹夹和一把KARABINER——德国人的步枪。但这把枪没有你手上的M1好用。
任务。走过回廊之后注意寻找门左侧的保险箱。稍不注意就会漏掉这个任务了
如果你不想过早牺牲，就要善于利用左边这块貌似木板的东西。躲在木板后面用步枪射击敌人似乎是明智的选择。
任务。消灭敌人后耐心等一会直到不再有增援的敌人出现。走下楼梯，从楼梯下面的门进屋炸毁发电机
发电机炸毁之后，回到楼梯上面，刚才锁住的门居然开了（GOOD_FOX的无责任猜测，难道是被震开的？这门锁的质量可太差了）。赶紧进去看看
任务。进入被震开的门，左边的房间里有电台，右边的房间里有保险箱。
Continue reading ‘《荣誉勋章：英雄2》详尽图文攻略及武器详解’
怎么都觉得上次拔牙是小学底年纪的时候，奶奶陪着的那次。
最近牙疼，断断续续，也就忍着了。这周开始，晚上还是没完没了的疼，搞的人精神疲惫。下了决心，看病。
到了徐汇区牙防所，人不少，上午排队确认了是蛀牙要拔，下午去拔。拔牙过程5分钟，麻药的滋味很怪，大概3个小时左右才消掉。总得来说，虽然不疼，但是滋味不太好受。也出了不少血。想起放血能治百病的古老谚语。呵呵。
上海一直下雨，有大概两周了。
最近比较忙，这里更新的也就好了，当然文字其实并不少，分散了一些。
刚从国外回来，公司在一个山清水秀的地方召开销售会议。几许感慨，物是人非。
公司的“车友汇”项目以及一些未来发展的规划让人很是疲累，mind3项目多少也有点停滞不前。理想空间这里还行，不过碰到了ip被block这样的无奈之事。HWC-NGO的发展比较顺利，当然潜伏的困难不少，谢谢很多人的支持，名单太长，不一一念了。
人生充满了挑战，空谷幽兰的氛围，暂时还是梦想。
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